Types of Issuance for publications (instances)
Erscheinungsformen von Publikationen (Instanzen)
maps to MARC leader 07m: monograph/item and to be used as a top category for what used to be BE=SS, SM, SH.
For things that are published as an independent thing that can stand on its own: books, brochures, gray literature books, dissertations, (special) issues of journals. (These things may also be part of a series - but can still stand alone, since they have an independent title).
standalone (independent)
selbständige Einheit
book
Buch
single unit
einzelne Einheit
journal issue
Zeitschriften-Ausgabe (Heft oder Band)
unpublished manuscript
unveröffentlichtes Manuskript
gray literature
graue Literatur (SH, SR)
audiovisual item
AV-Medium (SA)